What must be included in the definition of sterilization?

Sterilization is defined specifically as the process that destroys or eliminates all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores. This complete eradication of pathogens is essential in many healthcare settings, particularly in dental practice, to prevent infections and ensure patient safety.

The other options, while important in the context of infection control, do not encompass the full scope of sterilization. Cleaning surfaces and removing visible dirt are preliminary steps that enhance the effectiveness of sterilization but do not constitute sterilization themselves. Application of antiseptics refers to the process of disinfecting living tissues and is not involved in the sterilization of instruments or surfaces. Thus, the focus on the total destruction of all pathogens is what distinctly defines sterilization.